Publication results
This publication provides an orientation for policymakers who consider using anticipatory methods. The Policy Brief is structured into four “Building Blocks” highlighting different methodological approaches. It briefs policymakers on the benefits and limits of these approaches and provides examples of how they can be used to answer different policy challenges.
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While migration can relieve short-term labour market pressures and keep population from declining, it can never be a sustainable long-term approach to managing population ageing. It is true that migrants who move for work are typically young and economically active, so they are indeed able to fill labour market gaps. It is therefore tempting to think that migration can solve many challenges of tomorrow’s societies: that it will counter population ageing, reverse labour force decline, and make social security systems more resilient.
Population ageing, decline of the European labour force, inequalities in economic activity between age groups and countries: all these challenges put European social systems to the test. How best to meet them? How to design resilient policy responses? Is the solution simply: more migration?
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Increased public spending on health can be good news, because it can point to the immense innovation which we have seen in medicine and in medical systems. It can mean that we are able to treat health issues that we formerly couldn’t - or that we are now aware of diseases about which we did not previously know. Still, rising health expenditure worries many.
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Becoming frail means having less physiological strength, declining cognitive function or a reduced ability to bounce back from illness or injury. Many people worry about ageing because they associate it with increasing frailty. Let us examine this notion from the perspective of research.
Three years after Covid-19 first hit Europe, it can be said that older people were among the groups most affected by the pandemic. At the same time, older people were in some ways more equipped to adapt to the reality of this social crisis – as they had lived through others before. This capacity to withstand and cope has recently been discussed as “resilience”. But what, exactly, is resilience? And how can older people’s resilience inform future policies?
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The challenge of adapting to demographic changes is now more than ever on the EU agenda. It is essential to keep the demography agenda alive, strong and relevant even beyond the EU elections in 2024.
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When asked to point at someone who is ageing, many people will intuitively look around for a person over 60. Yet of course, everyone is ageing. We often think of different generations almost as different species. This narrative is amplified by media who popularise ever-present labels, like “boomers”, generations X, Y, Z, and so on. This view amplifies differences between younger and older people, when of course individuals differ, for example, in their distinct needs, priorities and political preferences.